| Acronym | Meaning |
| CS | Configuration Space (in Wave Functions) |
| CS | Coupled-states (or Centrifugal Sudden) Approximation |
| CS | Crystal Structure |
| CS INDO | Conformation Spectra INDO |
| CS-AAS | Continuous Source Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy |
| CSA | Camphorsulfonic Acid |
| CSA | Cambridge Scientific Abstracts |
| CSA | Canadian Standards Authority |
| CSA | Centrifugal Sudden Approxn. (in Scattering Calcns.) |
| CSA | Charge Sensitivity Analysis |
| CSA | Chemical-shift Anisotropy |
| CSA | Chiral Solvating Agent |
| CSA | Coupled States Approxn. |
| CSA | Coupled Static Approxn. (in Scattering Calcns.) |
| CSA | Coupled-subshell Approxn. (in Calcns. On Inner-shell Ionization Collisions) |
| CSAAS | Continuum Source Atomic Absorption Spectrometry |
| CSACM | Canonical Statistical Adiabatic Channel Model (in Reactions) |
| CSAMT | Controlled-source Audio-magnetotelluric Technique |
| CSC | Client Server Computing |
| CSCBS | Charge-self-consistent Band-structure (method) |
| CSCF | Canonical Self-consistent Field |
| CSCF | Complex Self-consistent Field |
| CSCM | Chemical Shift Correlation Map |
| CSCT | US EPA Consortium For Site Characterization Technology |
| CSD | Cambridge Structural Database |
| CSD | Charge State Distribution |
| CSD | Chemical Solution Deposition |
| CSD | Controlled Spray Deposition |
| CSD | Correlated Single Determinant (wave Function) |
| CSD | Cortical Spreading Depression |
| CSD | Crystal Size Distribution |
| CSDA | Continuous Slowing Down Approximation |
| CSDP | Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program |
| CSDP | Continental Scientific Drilling Program |
| CSDW | Centrifugal Sudden (or Coupled States) Distorted Wave (methodfor Reactive Mol. Collisions) |
| CSE | Capillary Sieving Electrophoresis |
| CSE | Cigarette Smoke Extract |
| CSE | Correction (with The) Statistical Exchange Potential |
| CSEM | Coherent Self-energy Method |
| CSEPP | Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Plan |
| CSERGE | Center For Social And Economic Research Into The Global Environment |
| CSF | Catalyzed Soot Filter |
| CSF | Carcinogenic Slope Factor |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
| CSF | Colony-stimulating Factor |
| CSF | Configuration Spin Function (a Wave Function) |
| CSF | Configuration State Function (part Of Ci Wave Function) |
| CSFGH | Complex-scaling Fourier-grid Hamiltonian |
| CSFR | Colony-stimulating Factor Receptor |
| CSFV | Classical Swine Fever Virus |