| Acronym | Meaning |
 | PEM | Payload Electronics Module |
| PI | Principal Investigator |
| IGY | International Geophysical Year |
| MSFC | Marshall Space Flight Center |
| NTT | New Technology Telescope |
| NASM | National Air And Space Museum |
| GGM | Goskogidromet/Gidromettsentr |
| STARCAL | Star Calibration |
| ESA | European Space Agency |
| ISZ | Iskusstvenniy Sputnik Zemli |
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